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Free video about train tunnel. This free video was created for you by http://epsos.de and can be used for free under the creative commons license with the attribution of epSos.de as the original author of this train tunnel video. Thank you for supporting the creative commons movement !! A train tunnel is typically underpass, which enables or facilitates access to a particular location. Constructions can be carried by humans or possibly by the very action of nature. In the case of train tunnels used for transportation, usually connecting two sections of a road, rail or road, and can also treat yourself to underwater train tunnels. One of the biggest examples of this method of construction, is the London Underground, where the first train tunnels were excavated, and then covered with earth, however this led to the destruction of several houses and farms. The tricheira is excavated with a support grid is needed, and the train tunnel is built. The train tunnel should be in a concrete, place the pre-cast concrete, mounts to the pre-assembled arches ; and at the end of these steps, the area is again used. For the construction of the train tunnel is necessary to develop - an artificial void in the earth's crust. In the production of stable rocks usually leave without securing in unstable - erect temporary supports, whose main elements are roshpany and then lining. The lining is a critical element of the train tunnel, perceiving pressure surrounding rocks and provides waterproofing train tunnel. Lots train tunnel located near its outlets, called portals. Portals give architectural view entrance to the train tunnel on the background of the surrounding landscape. For waterproofing train tunnels on new technology-Austrian Method is applied to the signal layer of geomembrane. In the construction of train tunnels in complex engineering environment using a variety of special techniques (drainage, soil freezing, caisson method using compressed air, etc.). Eyksunnsky train tunnel in Norway, opened in February 2008, reaches a depth of 287 m below sea level. The maximum slope of the roadway reaches 9.6%, the minimum thickness of the rock above the train tunnel - 50 m. train tunnels are usually used by road or rail and metro 's. There are also smaller cyclist and pedestrian train tunnels and some waterways run through train tunnels. There are also special train tunnels for animals, such as amphibian train tunnel. Also constructed train tunnels that are designed for cables and pipes, ventilation, drainage of waste. For the connection of ecological zones wild train tunnels are constructed which the animals have the opportunity to, for example, to pass through. An expressway without risk When one speaks of a vertical train tunnel shaft. In the Alps, a distinction is made ​​between a Scheiteltunnel and Base train tunnel. A Scheiteltrain tunnel, roughly translated top or crown train tunnel is a train tunnel under the highest point of a mountain pass through. Among other things, the Susten and the Col de Tende have such a train tunnel under the pass height. A base train tunnel runs under the entire mountain through, is longer, but not the (steep) driveways of Scheitel tunnel. In Russia and other former Soviet Union countries, the pedestrian train tunnels beneath the busy streets are very numerous. The first train tunnel under a navigable waterway was the Thames train tunnel in London in 1843 was opened. A city high-speed railway is a railway that the intra-urban transport is used. Often thereby suburbs are involved, partly through city limits. It is characterized by speed, high efficiency and dense sequence of moves . This is achieved through its own rail body, strong acceleration, electric locomotives with many doors, high-level platforms and appropriate station distances. The rail is in Switzerland the backbone of public transport. Switzerland has a very dense railway network with a comparatively very good offer, which is used every day by almost a million people. In international comparison, Switzerland is at the back set annually by rail passenger-kilometers, along with Japan at the top. Average undertakes any Swiss 47 rides per year. With a distance traveled per capita in 2004, Switzerland is 1,739 miles behind with Japan, the world's leading with 1,897 annual passenger-km rail passengers nation. With the competitive pressure from the east and advancing globalization, the pressure rose to mergers with international corporations. The production sites in Switzerland were shut down. As the only domestic producer of rail vehicles which remained Stadler Rail obtain that could compete in niche markets. Thank you for supporting the creative commons movement !!